| LTTE | Operation Blue Star | Indian Politics, Assassination of Rajiv Gandhi - Why LTTE leader Prabhakaran was angry with India? According to the University of Chicago's Project on Security and Terrorism, a vast majority have been related to five conflicts: the Sri Lankan civil war that ended in 2009; the fight against the Russian military in Chechnya; the insurgency following the 2003 US-led invasion of Iraq; the Israeli-Palestinian conflict; and, most recently, the Boko Haram terrorist movement in West Africa. [3] It was carried out by 17-year-old Kalaivani Rajaratnam (popularly known by her assumed names Thenmozhi Rajaratnam and Dhanu),[1][4] a member of the Sri Lankan Tamil separatist organization Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). She argued that even life convicts were released after 14 years. The weblink titled Rajiv Gandhi assassination case has been recently put up by the agency on its web portal www.cbi.nic.in. Subsequent accusations of conspiracy have been addressed by two commissions of inquiry and have brought down at least one national government, the government of Inder Kumar Gujral. Thenmozhi was the daughter of a Sri Lankan Tamil man named A. Rajaratnam [22] and his second wife. Thenmozhi Rajaratnam Birthday and Date of Death. Thenmozhi was the daughter of a Sri Lankan Tamil man named A. Rajaratnam and his second wife. [39][40][41] Murugan, Santhan and Perarivalan, the three convicts condemned to death, claimed that they were not ordinary criminals but political prisoners.[42][43][44]. [20], The interim report of Justice Milap Chand Jain, looking into the conspiracy angle to the assassination, indicted the DMK for colluding with the LTTE. [21], "LTTE and Punjab ultras spoke of a plan to assassinate Rajiv. Jayakumar - The brother in law of Robert Pious. It will enhance any encyclopedic page you visit with the magic of the WIKI 2 technology. Hence it was held that it was not a terrorist act under TADA (Act). The assassination was carried out by an LTTE suicide bomber Thenmozhi Rajaratnam also known as Dhanu. Thomas had said that "there were serious flaws" in the CBI's investigation, particularly related to the seizure of Rs. #shorts, Rajiv Gandhi Assassination Case ? But all the anecdotal evidence leaves one question largely unexplored: Why do the women do it? [25] Additionally, the Rajiv Gandhi administration had antagonised other Tamil militant organisations like PLOTE for reversingthemilitarycoup in Maldives back in 1988. Mallikarjun Kharge's son Priyank calls PM Modi 'nalayak', Locals remember 'doctor sahib' and his family killed in Ludhiana gas leak incident, Police stop A R Rahman's Pune concert citing 10 pm deadline, 'Reduce our working hours! History for UPSC, Rajiv Gandhi Assassination | UPSC Polity | Why SC Released Convicts? [1] It was after joining the LTTE that she came to be known by the assumed name Thenmozhi. [24] Thenmozhi was the daughter of a Sri Lankan Tamil man named A. Rajaratnam[23] and his second wife. Come and meet us booth #44 !!! [53][54], Months before the assassination, Vazhappady K. Ramamurthy, who served as the president of Tamil Nadu Congress Committee from 1989 to 1994, produced a letter, purportedly from the LTTE threatening to kill him and Rajiv Gandhi, who had called for a tight clamp down of the LTTE activities in Tamil Nadu. (Express Photo), Civil war was raging in Sri Lanka and on 5 June 1987, India, with Operation Poomalai, intervened. The assassination was caught on film by a local photographer, Haribabu,[9] whose camera and film was found intact at the site despite him also dying in the blast. The instruction given in the upper levels of the training -- Primary Four, Five and Six -- was a closely guarded secret among the fighters. Later, after an appeal in the Supreme Court, only four (Dhanu and three others) of them were sentenced to death. Assassinations of high-level officials are far harder to carry out than random attacks on marketplaces or transportation hubs, and Dhanu worked with a large team of accomplices that carried out dry runs at the site. Thank you for subscribing our enewsletter. The so-called Chechen Black Widows, who have carried out more than 20 attacks since 2000, are certainly motivated in part by the deaths of their husbands at the hands of the Russian military. The report concluded that the DMK had provided sanctuary to the LTTE, which made it easier for the rebels to assassinate Rajiv Gandhi.[20]. S Nalini Sriharan is the lone surviving member of the five-member squad behind the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi and is serving life imprisonment. In 2006, LTTE spokesman Anton Balasingham told the Indian television channel NDTV that the killing was a "great tragedy, a monumental historical tragedy which we deeply regret". Nalini - Wife of Murugan. Since that terrible day, women are known to have carried out at least 185 suicide attacks, killing 2,130 people and wounding nearly 5,000 others. [1] He allegedly was described as VelupillaiPrabhakaran's mentor; and he played a vital role in moulding the LTTE chief's thinking during the movement's formative years between 1972 and 1975. Karthikeyan. Pastabusesrevisited|AmnestyInternational, "IntheSupremeCourtofIndiaCriminalAppellateJurisdiction", "IregretRajivGandhi'sassassination:Nalini", "Mysinswashedaway,saysNaliniSriharan", "RajivGandhiassassinNaliniSriharannottobefreed", "RajivGandhi'sassassinNalinigetsback'A'classjailfacilities", "RajivGandhi'skillerNalinibreaksdown", "NalinishiftedfromVellorejailtoPuzhal", "After19yrsinjailforRajivmurder,Nalinimaybefreed", "ProbeChandraswami'sroleinRajivcase-Jainreport", "CBIseesgodman'sroleinRajiv'skilling", "IBhidcrucialvideoonRajivGandhimurder:Book", "TopLTTEleaderapologizestoIndiaforRajiv'skilling", "RajivGandhiassassinationvideosuppressed,claimsbook", "LTTE'smessagesshowwhyGandhi'smurdershouldbere-probed(Part-1)". Congratulations on this excellent venture what a great idea! At the time, India had just ended its involvement, through the Indian Peace Keeping Force, in the Sri Lankan Civil War. [35][36] The President of India rejected the clemency pleas of Murugan and two others on death row, T Suthendraraja alias Santhan and A G Perarivalan alias Arivu in August 2011. [37] The execution of the three convicts was scheduled for 9 September 2011. He was killed in the blast but his camera, which contained the fateful moments in film, proved to be a crucial piece of evidence. Marital status of Thenmozhi at the time of her death, is not known to the general public. This was evidence to the Jain Committee's report and suspicions that the LTTE had contacted Gurjant Singh Budhsinghwala along with Jagjit Singh Chohan to plan the plot. [49][50] In 1998, it was published in a newspaper that an interim report by the Jain commission made reference to a letter citing unverified information that Queen Aishwarya Rajya Lakshmi Devi Shah of Nepal had asked a courtier general of King Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev of Nepal, "to arrange for the assassination of Shri Rajiv Gandhi(for which) Rs 10 crore would be made available. Also included in the report are said to be the drunken utterances of a policeman confirming the matter. [7] When Rajiv reached a campaign rally in Sriperumbudur, he left his car and began walking towards the dais where he was to deliver a speech. Feroz Rashid Khan was lodged in the Arthur Road Jail in Mumbai and was facing trial in the 1993 serial bomb blasts case. [51] The interim report of the Jain Commission created a storm when it accused M. Karunanidhi the former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu of a role in the assassination, leading to Congress withdrawing its support for the I. K. Gujral government and fresh elections in 1998. In Image: Veluppillai Prabhakaran | Express Photo, This led to Rajiv Gandhi's assassination in the infamous suicide bombing at Sriperumbudur | Express Photo, Rajiv appeared at the Sriperumbudur temple grounds where he was greeted by Thenmozhi Rajaratnam alias Dhanu, who, while trying to touch Gandhi's feet, activated a bomb wrapped around her body. The report also alleged that LTTE leaders in Jaffna were in possession of sensitive coded messages exchanged between the Union government and the state government of DMK. His funeral was broadcast live nationally and internationally, and was attended by dignitaries from over 60 countries. Dhanu was a member of the LTTE. Despite no action, the findings raised vital questions that have previously been consistently raised by political analysts. The first two levels were Quranic training. They have also been far more deadly, killing an average of 21 people per attack in the first decade of their insurgency, compared to 13 for males. After garlanding Rajiv, Rajaratnam evidently stooped to touch his feet and activated the explosive. However, the Madras High Court intervened and stayed their execution for eight weeks based on their petitions. The assassination of Rajiv Gandhi, former Prime Minister of India, occurred as a result of a suicide bombing in Sriperumbudur in Tamil Nadu, India on 21 May 1991. Vaiko left the UPA alliance before the 2009 election, partly due to the Sri Lankan issue. I did a series of articles after his assassination that pointed out how, after these meetings, Rajiv became complacent about his security and broke security rules in more than 40 rallies. Thenmozhi Rajaratnam died on May 21, 1991. [20], The interim report of Justice MilapChandJain, looking into the conspiracy angle to the assassination, indicted the DMK for colluding with the LTTE. On 21 May, after campaigning in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, his next stop was Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu. [7] When Rajiv reached a campaign rally in Sriperumbudur, he left his car and began walking towards the dais where he was to deliver a speech. Dhanu, wearing a bomb suit, denoted herself while she was bending to touch Gandhis feet. 150 [34], On appeal to the Supreme Court, only four of the accused were sentenced to death and the others to various jail terms. [30][31] This created a storm in India. [36][37] The President of India rejected the clemency pleas of Murugan and two others on death row, T Suthendraraja alias Santhan and A G Perarivalan alias Arivu in August 2011. Nalini was treated as a class 'A' convict from 10 September 1999 till the privilege was withdrawn in May 2010 after a mobile phone was allegedly recovered from her cell during a surprise check. Thenmozhi "Gayatri" Rajaratnam aka Dhanu (Tamil: "" ; died 21 May 1991) was the . The assassination was carried out by Kalaivani Rajaratnam. All the comments will be moderated by the newindianexpress.com editorial. Thenmozhi was survived by her mother, brother Sivavarman and two sisters, one of whom moved to France.[22]. [38][39][40] Murugan, Santhan and Perarivalan, the three convicts condemned to death, claimed that they were not ordinary criminals but political prisoners.[41][42][43]. Evidence was gathered from charred flesh and bones found at the site of the explosion. [37] The execution of the three convicts was scheduled for 9 September 2011. Past abuses revisited | Amnesty International, "In the Supreme Court of India Criminal Appellate Jurisdiction", "I regret Rajiv Gandhi's assassination: Nalini", "My sins washed away, says Nalini Sriharan", "Rajiv Gandhi assassin Nalini Sriharan not to be freed", "Rajiv Gandhi's assassin Nalini gets back 'A' class jail facilities", "Rajiv Gandhi's killer Nalini breaks down", "Nalini shifted from Vellore jail to Puzhal", "After 19 yrs in jail for Rajiv murder, Nalini may be freed", "Probe Chandraswami's role in Rajiv case - Jain report", "CBI sees godman's role in Rajiv's killing", "IB hid crucial video on Rajiv Gandhi murder: Book", "Top LTTE leader apologizes to India for Rajiv's killing", "Rajiv Gandhi assassination video suppressed, claims book", "LTTE's messages show why Gandhi's murder should be re-probed (Part-1)". She then bent down to touch his feet and detonated an RDX explosive-ladenbelt tucked below her dress at exactly 10:10 PM. The letter signed LTTE written in Tamil said that they had received orders from the leadership to eliminate people opposing their "Eelam struggle". Marital status of Thenmozhi at the time of her death, is not known to the general public. Sana'a Mehaidli, a Syrian who blew herself up next to an Israeli convoy in Lebanon in 1985, was not only the first female suicide bomber but also one of the first terrorists to make a so-called martyr video, now the de rigueur way of expressing one's devotion to the cause posthumously. The final report, submitted in June 1992, concluded that the security arrangements for the former PM were adequate but that the local Congressparty leaders disrupted and broke these arrangements.[14]. The assassin, Dhanu (Thenmozhi Rajaratnam), approached and greeted him. [2] At least 14 others, in addition to RajivGandhi, were killed. ", - Sewa Dass Singh, Phiruman Akali Dal leader (1992), The assassination was carried out by Kalaivani Rajaratnam (popularly known by her assumed names Thenmozhi Rajaratnam and Dhanu). Thought to have been a member of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (Tamil Tigers), Rajaratnam was also known as Gayatri and Dhanu. She then bent down to touch his feet and detonated an RDX explosive-laden belt tucked below her dress at exactly 10:10 PM. ': On May Day, workers rally for betterlabor conditions, Karnataka polls: BJP releases manifesto,promises UCC, freegas cylinders, milk packet, SC says it can dissolve marriage on grounds of 'irretrievable breakdown', The Morning Standard | Dinamani | Kannada Prabha | Samakalika Malayalam | Cinema Express | Indulgexpress | Edex Live | Events Xpress, Contact Us | About two hours after arriving in Madras (now Chennai), Gandhi was driven by motorcade in a white Ambassador car to Sriperumbudur, stopping along the way at a few other election campaigning venues. Yes, schoolgirls kidnapped by Boko Haram certainly cannot be considered independent actors. [2] At least 14 others, in addition to Rajiv Gandhi, were killed. [49] In an interview in 2017, Justice K.T. His funeral was broadcast live nationally and internationally, and was attended by dignitaries from over 60 countries. [27], The judgment further cited the death of Thileepan in a hunger strike and the suicide by 12 LTTE cadres in a vessel in October 1987. Blakeslee, David S. "Politics and public goods in developing countries: Evidence from the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi.". Also other strong LTTE sympathizers Vaiko with MDMK and Thol. S Nalini Sriharan is the lone surviving member of the five-member squad behind the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi and is serving life imprisonment. She argued that even life convicts were released after 14 years. It was DNA evidence that established the identity of Thenmozhi Rajaratnam who had detonated the bomb that killed ex-PM Rajiv Gandhi and 15 others in 1991. Alongwith Gandhi and Dhanu, several others too were killed in the explosion. A state funeral was held for Rajiv Gandhi on 24 May 1991. Harithra Murugan, daughter of Nalini Sriharan and Murugan interview, Template:Sri Lankan Civil War graphical timeline, https://en.bharatpedia.org/index.php?title=Assassination_of_Rajiv_Gandhi&oldid=375996, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, Kalaivani Rajaratnam (popularly known by her assumed names Thenmozhi Rajaratnam and Dhanu), Shivarasan alias Raghuvaran or Raghu-anna, Planning and executing the plot of the assassination, Standby to accompany the human bomb she was also the back-up bomber, K.S Mohammed Iqbal, police superintendent, Latha Kannan, Mahila Congress worker, who was with her daughter Kokilavani, Kokilavani, ten-year-old daughter of Latha Kannan, who sang a poem to, Darryl Jude Peters, attendee and observer, Munuswamy, former member of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Council, Saroja Devi, seventeen-year-old college student, Pradeep K Gupta, personal security officer of Rajiv Gandhi. The trial was conducted under the TerroristandDisruptiveActivitiesAct. Website Designed, Developed & Maintained by Express Network Private Ltd. Rajiv Gandhi, India's sixth Prime Minister, was assassinated on 21 May 1991 at Sriperumbudur in Tamil Nadu. But we could kill your leader (Mr.Gandhi) no matter where we are based. The SIT probe confirmed the role of the LTTE in the assassination,[19] which was upheld by the Supreme Court of India. Globally, the particular circumstances that lead terrorist movements to take up suicide bombings are well known. [22][23] She was inspired by the Tamil militant group Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (Tamil Tigers) at a young age, and joined the Black Tigers (suicide bombers). At the time, India had just ended its involvement, through the IndianPeaceKeepingForce, in the SriLankanCivilWar.
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